Kuti kuderedze kusvibiswa kwazvino kunokonzerwa nechoto chepakati, China yakatora tekinoroji ye-multi-pulse rectifier, uye yakagadzira akati wandei epakati frequency furefu midziyo yakadai se6-pulse, 12-pulse, uye 24-pulse yepakati frequency furefurnaces, asi. nekuti mutengo wekupedzisira wakanyanya Kukwira, makambani mazhinji ekugadzira simbi achiri kunyungudutsa simbi mu6-pulse yepakati frequency furnaces, uye dambudziko rekupomba kwezvino kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza harigone kufuratirwa.Parizvino, kune marudzi maviri ehurongwa hwekutarisira ma frequency furnace harmonics: imwe ndeye manejimendi chirongwa chekuyamura, inova imwe yenzira dzekubvisa matambudziko aripo eharmonic, uye nhanho yekudzivirira kudzivirira kuwirirana kwepakati. frequency induction furnaces.Kunyangwe iyo yechipiri nzira inogona kubata nedambudziko riri kuwedzera rakakura rekusvibisa kwezvakatipoteredza munzira dzakawanda, kune epakati frequency induction furnaces anoshandiswa parizvino, nzira yekutanga chete inogona kushandiswa kutsiva mhedzisiro inokonzeresa.Iri bepa rinokurukura musimboti weIF vira uye nhanho dzayo dzekutonga, uye inokurudzira inoshanda simba sefa (APF) kubhadhara uye kudzora harmonics mumatanho akasiyana e6-pulse IF vira.
Electrical musimboti wepakati frequency furnace.
Iyo yepakati frequency furnace inokurumidza uye yakagadzikana simbi yekudziya mudziyo, uye yayo yakakosha midziyo ndeye yepakati frequency magetsi magetsi.Iyo magetsi yepakati frequency choto inowanzo tora iyo AC-DC-AC yekushandura nzira, uye iyo yekuisa yemagetsi frequency alternating ikozvino inobuda seyepakati frequency alternating ikozvino, uye frequency shanduko haina kuganhurirwa nekuwanda kwegedhi remagetsi.Iyo yedunhu block dhizaini inoratidzwa muFigure 1:
Mumufananidzo 1, basa guru rechikamu cheiyo inverter wedunhu kushandura matatu-chikamu chekutengesa AC ikozvino yemagetsi ekufambisa uye kugovera mupi mu AC yazvino, kusanganisira iyo magetsi emagetsi emagetsi ekufambisa uye mupi wekugovera, bhiriji rectifier. dunhu, sefa redunhu uye rectifier control redunhu.Basa guru reiyo inverter chikamu nderekushandura AC ikozvino kuita imwe-phase yakakwirira-frequency AC ikozvino (50 ~ 10000Hz), kusanganisira inverter simba redunhu, kutanga simba redunhu, uye kutakura simba redunhu.Chekupedzisira, iyo imwe-phase yepakati-frequency alternating current mu induction coil muchoto inogadzira medium-frequency alternating magnetic field, izvo zvinoita kuti charge muchoto ibudise induction electromotive force, inogadzira eddy hombe muchaji, uye. inopisa kuchaji kunyunguduka.
Harmonic Analysis
Iyo harmonics inopinzwa mugidhi remagetsi neiyo yepakati frequency magetsi magetsi anonyanya kuitika mumudziyo wekugadziridza.Pano isu tinotora matatu-chikamu matanhatu-pulse akazara-kudzora bhiriji rectifier redunhu semuenzaniso wekuongorora zvirimo zveharmonics.Kuregeredza iyo yese chikamu chekufambisa maitiro uye ikozvino pulsation yethyristor inverter reketi yetatu-chikamu chigadzirwa-kuburitswa cheni, tichifunga kuti AC side reactance i zero uye iyo AC inductance isingaperi, uchishandisa Fourier yekuongorora nzira, iyo yakaipa uye yakanaka hafu. -wave currents inogona kuva Pakati pedenderedzwa inoshandiswa se zero point yenguva, uye fomula inotorwa kuverenga a-phase voltage yedivi re AC.
Mune fomula: Id ndiyo avhareji kukosha kweiyo DC padivi ikozvino yeinogadzirisa rekiti.
Zvinogona kuoneka kubva pane iri pamusoro fomula kuti ye6-pulse yepakati frequency furefu, inogona kuburitsa nhamba huru ye5th, 7th, 1st, 13th, 17th, 19th uye mamwe maharmonics, ayo anogona kupfupikiswa se6k ± 1 (k. is positive Integer) harmonics, kukosha kunoshanda kweharmonic imwe neimwe kunopesana nehurongwa hwehurmonic, uye reshiyo kune yakakosha kukosha kukosha ndeyekudzokororwa kwehurongwa hwehurmonic.
Intermediate frequency furnace circuit structure.
Zvinoenderana neakasiyana emagetsi ekuchengetedza emagetsi eDC, epakati frequency furefu inogona kukamurwa kuita yazvino mhando yepakati frequency furenaces uye voltage mhando yepakati frequency furefu.Iyo simba rekuchengetedza simba remhando yazvino yepakati frequency furnace inductor yakakura, nepo simba rekuchengetedza simba remhando yevoltage yepakati frequency furnace yakakura capacitor.Kune mimwe misiyano pakati pezviviri izvi, senge: yazvino-mhando yepakati frequency furenace inodzorwa ne thyristor, iyo mutoro resonance wedunhu iri parallel resonance, ukuwo voltage-mhando yepakati frequency furenace inodzorwa neIGBT, uye inoremedza resonance dunhu iri. series resonance.Chimiro chayo chikuru chinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2 uye Mufananidzo 3.
harmonic chizvarwa
Izvo zvinodaidzwa kuti high-order harmonics zvinoreva zvikamu zviri pamusoro pehuwandu hwakawanda hweiyo yakakosha frequency inowanikwa nekuora periodic isiri-sinusoidal AC Fourier nhevedzano, inowanzonzi yakakwirira-kurongeka maharonics.Frequency (50Hz) Chikamu cheiyo frequency yakafanana.Harmonic kupindira chinhu chikuru "chinokanganisa veruzhinji" chinokanganisa kunaka kwesimba reiyo yazvino simba system.
Harmonics inoderedza kutapurirana uye kushandiswa kweinjiniya yemagetsi, kuita kuti midziyo yemagetsi iwedzere, inokonzeresa kudedera uye ruzha, inoita kuti dhizaini yekudzivirira iparare, kuderedza hupenyu hwesevhisi, uye kukonzera kukanganisa kwakajairwa uye kupera simba.Wedzera iyo harmonic yemukati, kupisa kunze capacitor muripo midziyo uye zvimwe zvishandiso.Muchiitiko apo muripo wekuregererwa haugone kushandiswa, miripo yekusabvumirwa ichaitwa uye mabhiri emagetsi achawedzera.High-order pulse currents inokonzeresa misoperation yezvidziviriro zverelay uye marobhoti akangwara, uye kuyerwa chaiko kwekushandiswa kwemagetsi kuchavhiringika.Kunze kwesimba rekupa simba, maharmonics ane simba rakakura pamidziyo yekutaurirana uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.Kuwedzeredza kwechinguvana uye kuwedzeredza kwechinguvana kunogadzira maharmonics kuchaparadza iyo insulation layer yemuchina nemidziyo, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwenhatu-nhanho pfupi-yedunhu, uye harmonic yazvino uye voltage yeakakanganisika eshanduko inoburitsa chikamu resonance uye parallel resonance mune yeruzhinji simba network. , zvichikonzera njodzi huru dzekuchengeteka.
Iyo yepakati frequency electric furnace imhando yepakati frequency simba rekupa, iyo inoshandurwa kuita yepakati frequency kuburikidza nemazvo uye inverter, uye inogadzira huwandu hukuru hwekukuvadza kwepamusoro-kurongeka kweharmonic mugidhi remagetsi.Naizvozvo, kuvandudza simba remagetsi epakati frequency furnaces rave iro repamusoro pekutsvaga kwesainzi.
chirongwa chekutonga
Huwandu hukuru hwekubatanidzwa kwedata hwepakati frequency furnaces hwakawedzera kusvibiswa kwazvino kwemagetsi emagetsi.Tsvagiridzo yekutonga kweharmonic yepakati frequency furnaces rave basa rekukurumidzira, uye rakakosheswa zvakanyanya nenyanzvi.Kuti uite kukanganiswa kweiyo harmonics inogadzirwa neiyo frequency furnace pane yeruzhinji grid kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemagetsi ekupa uye kugovera sisitimu yemidziyo yekutengeserana ivhu, zvinodikanwa kushingaira kutora matanho ekubvisa harmonic kusvibiswa.Mazano anobatsira ekuzvidzivirira ndeaya.
Kutanga, transformer inoshandisa Y / Y / yekubatanidza maitiro.Munzvimbo huru yepakati-frequency induction furnace, iyo inoputika-inoratidza switching transformer inotora Y/Y/△ wiring nzira.Nekushandura nzira ye wiring ye ballast kuti itaurirane neA AC side transformer, inogona kugadzirisa hunhu hwepamusoro-soro pulse current iyo isiri yakakwirira.Asi mari yacho yakakwira.
Yechipiri ndeye kushandisa LC passive sefa.Chimiro chikuru ndechekushandisa capacitors uye reactor munhevedzano kuumba LC yakatevedzana mhete, idzo dzakafanana muhurongwa.Iyi nzira ndeyechinyakare uye inogona kubhadharira ese maharmonics uye mitoro inoshanda.Iine chimiro chiri nyore uye yakashandiswa zvakanyanya.Nekudaro, iyo muripo wekuita inokanganiswa nehunhu impedance yetiweki uye nharaunda yekushanda, uye zviri nyore kukonzera parallel resonance nehurongwa.Inogona kungotsiva yakagadziriswa frequency pulse currents, uye muripo wemuripo hauna kunaka.
Chechitatu, nekushandisa iyo APF inoshanda sefa, yakakwirira-odha harmonic kudzvinyirira inzira nyowani.APF is a dynamic pulse current compensation device, ine high partition dhizaini uye high-speed response, inokwanisa kuronda nekubhadhara pulse currents nefrequency and intensity shanduko, ine good dynamic performance, uye kuita kwemuripo hakuzokanganiswe nehunhu hunhu.Mhedzisiro yemuripo wezvino wakanaka, saka inokosheswa zvakanyanya.
Active power filter inogadzirwa zvichibva pane passive kusefa, uye kusefa kwayo kwakanakisa.Mukati mehuwandu hweiyo yakatemerwa reactive simba rekutakura, iyo yekusefa mhedzisiro ndeye 100%.
Inoshanda simba sefa, kureva, inoshanda simba sefa, APF inoshanda sefa yemagetsi yakasiyana neyakagadziriswa nzira yekubhadhara yechinyakare LC sefa, uye inoona muripo wekutepfenyura, unogona kutsiva nemazvo harmonics uye reactive simba rehukuru uye frequency.Iyo APF inoshanda sefa ndeyeiyo yakatevedzana-mhando yepamusoro-kurongeka pulse ikozvino muripo wemidziyo.Iyo inotarisisa mutoro wazvino munguva chaiyo zvichienderana neyekunze inoshandura, inoverengera yakakwira-yakarongeka pulse ikozvino chikamu mumutoro wezvino zvinoenderana neiyo yemukati DSP, uye inoburitsa iyo control data chiratidzo kune inverter magetsi., Iyo inverter simba rekushandisa rinoshandiswa kugadzira yakakwira-yakarongeka harmonic ikozvino yakaenzana neyekuremerwa yakakwirira-yakarongeka harmonic ikozvino, uye reverse yakakwirira-yakarongeka harmonic ikozvino inopinzwa mumagetsi emagetsi kuchengetedza kushanda kwesefa basa.
Kushanda musimboti weAPF
Hongyan inoshanda sefa inoona mutoro ikozvino munguva chaiyo kuburikidza nekunze ikozvino transformer CT, uye inobvisa chikamu cheharmonic chemutoro wezvino kuburikidza nemukati DSP kuverenga, uye inoshandura kuita chiratidzo chekutonga mudhijitari chiratidzo processor.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo dhijitari chiratidzo processor inogadzira akatevedzana ePWM pulse wide modulation masiginecha uye inoatumira kune yemukati IGBT magetsi module, ichidzora chikamu chekubuda cheiyo inverter kuti ive yakatarisana negwara remutoro harmonic ikozvino, uye ikozvino. neamplitude yakafanana, maviri harmonic currents akanyatsopesana kune mumwe nemumwe.Offset, kuitira kuti uwane basa rekusefa harmonics.
APF technical features
1. Nhatu-chikamu chepakati
2. Reactive simba muripo, kupa simba chinhu
3. Ne otomatiki ikozvino kudzikisira basa, hapana kuwandisa kuchaitika
4. Harmonic compensation, inogona kusefa kunze 2 ~ 50th harmonic ikozvino panguva imwe chete
5. Kugadzira nyore uye kusarudzwa, kunongoda kuyera ukuru hwe harmonic ikozvino
6. Single-phase dynamic injection current, isina kukanganiswa nesystem kusaenzana
7. Mhinduro kune kuchinja kwekutakura mukati me40US, nguva yose yekupindura ndeye 10ms (1/2 cycle)
Kusefa maitiro
The harmonic control rate yakakwira se97%, uye harmonic control range yakafara se2 ~ 50 times.
Yakachengeteka uye yakagadzikana nzira yekusefa;
Iyo inotungamira yekuvhiringidza yekudzora maitiro muindasitiri, iyo switching frequency yakakwira se20KHz, iyo inoderedza kurasikirwa kwekusefa uye inovandudza zvakanyanya kumhanya kwekusefa uye kubuda chaiko.Uye inopa impedance isingaperi kune grid system, iyo isingakanganise grid system impedance;uye iyo yakabuda waveform ndeyechokwadi uye haina mhosva, uye haizokanganisa mimwe michina.
Kusimba kwezvakatipoteredza kuchinjika
Inoenderana nemajenareta edhiziri, kuvandudza kugona kwekuchengetedza simba shunting;
Kushivirira kwepamusoro kune kupinza voltage kuchinja uye kukanganisa;
Yakajairika C-kirasi yekudzivirira mheni mudziyo, inovandudza kugona kutsungirira mamiriro ekunze akaipa;
Hurukuro hwe tembiricha ye ambient yakasimba, kusvika -20°C ~70°C.
Applications
Midziyo mikuru yekambani yakawanikwa ndeye yepakati frequency electric furnace.Iyo yepakati frequency electric furnace ndeye yakajairika harmonic sosi, iyo inoburitsa huwandu hukuru hwemaharmonics, zvichiita kuti muripo capacitor atadze kushanda zvakajairika.Kana zvakadaro, kutonhora kwemushanduri kunosvika 75 degrees muzhizha, zvichikonzera kutambisa simba remagetsi uye kupfupisa hupenyu hwayo.
Iyo yekutanga workshop yepakati frequency choto inofambiswa ne 0.4KV voltage, uye mutoro wayo mukuru ndeye 6-pulse rectification yepakati frequency choto.Mudziyo wekugadzirisa unogadzira huwandu hukuru hwemaharmonics uchishandura AC kuenda kuDC panguva yebasa, inova yakajairika harmonic sosi;harmonic yazvino inoiswa mugedhi remagetsi, Harmonic voltage inogadzirwa pane grid impedance, zvichikonzera grid voltage uye kukanganisa kwazvino, zvichikanganisa kunaka kwesimba uye kuchengetedzwa kwekushanda, kuwedzera kurasikirwa kwemutsara uye voltage offset, uye kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa pane grid uye midziyo yemagetsi yefekitari pachayo.
1. Hunhu harmonic ongororo
1) Iyo yekugadziridza mudziyo wepakati frequency choto ndeye 6-pulse controllable rectification;
2) Maharmonics anogadzirwa neanogadzirisa ndeye 6K + 1 odd harmonics.Fourier series inoshandiswa kuora uye kushandura ikozvino.Zvinogona kuoneka kuti yazvino waveform ine 6K ± 1 yakakwirira harmonics.Zvinoenderana neiyo data yekuyedza yepakati frequency furefu, iyo harmonic Iyo wave ikozvino yemukati inoratidzwa mutafura pazasi:
Munguva yekushanda kweiyo yepakati frequency furnace, nhamba huru yeharmonics inogadzirwa.Zvinoenderana nebvunzo uye maverengero emhedzisiro yevira repakati furefu, hunhu hunoenderana ne5th, uye 7th, 11th, uye 13th harmonic currents dzakati kurei, uye voltage uye ikozvino kukanganisa kwakakomba.
2. Harmonic control scheme
Zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo ebhizinesi, Hongyan Electric yakagadzira seti yakazara yekusefa zvigadziriso zveharmonic kudzora kwepakati frequency furnaces.Tichifunga nezvekuremerwa simba chinhu, harmonic absorption zvinodiwa uye kumashure harmonics, seti yezvishandiso zvekusefa inoiswa pane 0.4KV yakaderera-voltage padivi rebhizinesi transformer.Harmonics inodzorwa.
3. Sefa mhedzisiro yekuongorora
1) Chishandiso chesefa chinoshanda chinoiswa mukushanda, uye chinoteedzera otomatiki shanduko yeakasiyana maturusi emidziyo yepakati frequency choto, kuitira kuti harmonic yega yega inyatso kusefa kunze.Dzivisa kupera simba kunokonzerwa neparallel resonance ye capacitor bhangi uye sisitimu yedunhu, uye simbisa iyo yakajairika mashandiro eiyo reactive simba rekubhadhara kabati;
2) Harmonic currents yakave yakanyatsogadziriswa mushure mekurapa.Iyo yechishanu, yechinomwe, uye yechigumi neimwe yehurmonic currents isina kuiswa mukushandiswa yakapfuurwa zvakakomba.Semuenzaniso, 5th harmonic ikozvino inodonha kubva ku312A kusvika kune 16A;iyo 7th harmonic ikozvino inodonha kubva ku153A kusvika kune inenge 11A;iyo 11th harmonic ikozvino inodonha kubva ku101A kusvika ku9A;Kuenderana neyakajairwa yenyika GB/T14549-93 "Simba Hunhu Harmonics yePublic Grid";
3) Mushure mekutonga kweharmonic, tembiricha ye transformer inoderedzwa kubva pa75 madhigirii kusvika 50 madhigirii, iyo inochengetedza yakawanda simba remagetsi, inoderedza kuwedzera kurasikirwa kweshanduko, inoderedza ruzha, inovandudza simba remutoro weshanduko, uye inowedzera nguva. hupenyu hwebasa re transformer;
4) Mushure mekurapwa, simba rekupa simba repakati frequency choto rinovandudzwa zvinobudirira, uye chiyero chekushandiswa kweyepakati frequency magetsi magetsi anovandudzwa, izvo zvinobatsira kune kwenguva refu yakachengeteka uye hupfumi kushanda kwehurongwa uye kuvandudzwa kwesimba. mabhenefiti ehupfumi;
5) Deredza kukosha kunoshanda kweyazvino inoyerera kuburikidza netambo yekugovera, kuvandudza iyo simba chinhu, uye kubvisa harmonics inoyerera nemutsetse wekugovera, nekudaro ichidzikisa zvakanyanya kurasikirwa kwemutsara, kuderedza kukwira kwekushisa kwetambo yekugovera, nekuvandudza mutoro. kukwanisa kwemutsara;
6) Deredza kusabatwa zvakanaka kana kuramba kwemidziyo yekudzora uye dhizaini yekudzivirira, uye kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka uye kuvimbika kwekupihwa kwemagetsi;
7) Bvisa iyo mitatu-chikamu ikozvino kusaenzana, kuderedza kuparara kwemhangura ye transformer uye mutsara uye kusarerekera ikozvino, uye kunatsiridza kunaka kwemagetsi;
8) Mushure mekunge APF yabatanidzwa, inogona zvakare kuwedzera huwandu hwekutakura uye tambo dzekugovera, izvo zvakaenzana nekuwedzera kwehurongwa uye kuderedza mari mukuwedzera kwehurongwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-13-2023